Palace sit 12th in the Premier League table but are just three points clear of the bottom three following Wednesday’s 1-0 loss to rivals Brighton and Hove Albion.
The Eagles are without a Premier League win since New Year’s Eve and recently became the first team since records began (in 2003-04) to go three successive games in the competition without having a shot on target.
Club chairman Steve Parish said: “It is with enormous regret that this difficult decision has been made.
“Ultimately, results in recent months have placed us in a precarious league position and we felt a change is necessary to give us the best chance of retaining Premier League status.
“That said, Patrick’s impact since joining us in the summer of 2021 has been significant, and he is held in the highest regard by myself, and all of his colleagues.”
Vieira led Palace to a 12th-placed Premier League finish and the semi-finals of the FA Cup in his only full season in charge, having previously had spells at New York City FC and Nice.
Palace added the search for Vieira’s successor had begun and an update would be provided “in due course”.
The relegation candidates make the daunting trip to the Emirates Stadium to face Premier League leaders Arsenal on Sunday, having won just one of their eight London derby games in the competition this term (D2 L5).
Crystal Palace Football Club can confirm that Patrick Vieira has left his post as First Team Manager.#CPFC
— Crystal Palace F.C. (@CPFC) March 17, 2023
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