The Soviet military was in desperate need of a long-range aerial attack option as the Second World War came to a close. The United States had developed the B-29 Superfortress shortly before entering the war, and it soon became the envy of the Soviets’ eyes. As many as 1,000 B-29s were involved in bombing runs over Tokyo at a time, and the aircraft was primarily utilized in the Pacific theater as a result of the vast distances between islands along the corridor of fighting. The famed “Enola Gay” is a B-29 Superfortress. While the United States wouldn’t share the design with allies, a few had crashed in Soviet territory during aerial operations, and the Soviets used these examples of the airplane’s engineering to design their own. The Tupolev Tu-4 was the first long-range bomber to join the Soviet ranks, and it was virtually a direct copy of the B-29.
Shortly after developing the Tu-4, Tupolev introduced the Tu-85 and then the Tu-95, which was delivered to service in 1956. The aircraft was crewed by a team of seven servicemembers and could cover a range of about 7,150 miles (longer if augmented with aerial refueling capabilities). The aircraft could reach an altitude ceiling of about 40,000 feet.
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