What is Juneteenth and why US marks this day on June 19 every year

Every year on June 19th, the United States commemorates Juneteenth, a significant day that symbolises the end of slavery. This momentous occasion holds great cultural and historical significance, as it reflects the profound impact and enduring legacy of Black communities. Over time, Juneteenth has garnered greater recognition and importance, fueled by a heightened awareness of racial injustices and societal divisions.

Juneteenth history

Juneteenth derives its name from the merging of June and nineteenth, representing the pivotal day in 1865 when enslaved individuals in Galveston, Texas, finally received news of their liberation. This revelation came two years after President Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation and the conclusion of the Civil War. For more than 150 years, Juneteenth has held sacred meaning within Black communities, serving as a testament to their resilience and a beacon of hope.

The Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 granted freedom to enslaved individuals in Confederate states, but its effects were not immediately felt in places like Texas, still under Confederate control. It was on June 19, 1865, when Union troops led by Major General Gordon Granger arrived in Galveston, Texas, where over 250,000 enslaved Black people in the state learned of their long-awaited emancipation. This historic moment was a major milestone in the quest for freedom and equality.
The announcement of emancipation filled the Black community with immense joy and celebration. Juneteenth has since been known by various names, such as Freedom Day, Jubilee Day, Juneteenth Independence Day, and Black Independence Day, highlighting its lasting significance and enduring importance.

Significance 

Juneteenth, established as a federal holiday in 1983, holds great significance as the first holiday recognised since Martin Luther King Jr. Day. Its importance is underscored by the stark reality that racism persists in the US despite the end of slavery.

Tragic incidents, such as the deaths of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, and other African Americans at the hands of police, have sparked nationwide anti-racism protests. These events serve as powerful reminders of the ongoing struggle against racial injustice.

Juneteenth celebrations

From coast to coast, Juneteenth festivities showcase a tapestry of customs, including vibrant parades, shared feasts, lively games, and enlightening readings. Communities come together for church services and delightful picnics.

Food also holds immense importance, and barbecues are a favoured way to celebrate with family and friends. Among the notable dishes is the iconic “Marcus Garvey salad,” a colourful medley of red, green, and black beans, named after the influential black activist.